Shortly after 5:30p.m., Richard Hobbs returned to the Baniszewski residence and immediately proceeded to the basement. Men start coming on the site at 7 a.m. Im meeting engineers, architects, inspectors, early in the morning. Unnamed author: "Court Orders New Trial in Likens Slaying". John Jr. admitted to having "spanked" Sylvia on one occasion, adding that "most of the time, I used my fists" to abuse her. [168] Paula married and had two children. And I, too, remember trying to explain to people that I didn't want to kill myself; I just wanted to stop living, but it didn't really matter. As long as I can have enough money to live. Her family is thankful, though, it doesn't have to be that way anymore she did not die in vain; she died a horrific death, but because of that, we're hoping that another child can be saved. I've trained my body. WebFIFA World Cup: Croatia stun Brazil in penalty shoot-out to reach semi-finals. Founded in 2010 in Lebanon, Indiana, and initially named the Boone County Child Advocacy Center, this non-profit organization was renamed in Likens' honor in 2016, with the executive director stating: "The most important thing that we can do is tell kids they are hurt and we are listening. [57] Upon their second visit to the Baniszewski household, both observed Likens to appear extremely meek and somewhat "zombified" in nature. I need the challenge. [8], The immediate neighbors of the Baniszewski family were a middle-aged couple named Raymond and Phyllis Vermillion. I could hang out all night, do a TV thing and work til five o'clock in the morning but six o'clock in the morning, Im leaving to go to work for construction. I'm going to say it again. [80], On October 25, Likens attempted to escape from the basement after overhearing a conversation between Gertrude and John Baniszewski Jr. pertaining to the family's plan to abandon her to die. Oh, that's very easy. That's how I deal with all these haters. She is now an essayist and journalist whose work has appeared in The New York Times, The Washington Post, and elsewhere. For example, they may start and end each day with an hour of meditation. WebCBS Sports has the latest NFL Football news, live scores, player stats, standings, fantasy games, and projections. [189], Lester and Elizabeth Likens' oldest daughter, Dianna Shoemaker, was. "[145], Referring to the sentimental closing arguments made by various defense counsels regarding reasoning and motivation for their clients' actions, their attempts to divert responsibility to other defendants or participants, and their clients' collective failure to either help Likens or to notify authorities, New added: "All we hear is whining appeal, anything but blame where the blame belongs." But after several years and television seasons of increasing drama, .css-16acfp5{-webkit-text-decoration:underline;text-decoration:underline;text-decoration-thickness:0.125rem;text-decoration-color:#d2232e;text-underline-offset:0.25rem;color:inherit;-webkit-transition:all 0.3s ease-in-out;transition:all 0.3s ease-in-out;}.css-16acfp5:hover{color:#000;text-decoration-color:border-link-body-hover;background-color:yellow;-webkit-transition:all 0.3s ease-in-out;transition:all 0.3s ease-in-out;}his extended family has fractured. News Now clips, interviews, movie premiers, exclusives, and more! This dedication was attended by several hundred people, including members of the Likens family. They dont know that I'm up at five o'clock in the morning and there's nights that I work till 10, 11 o'clock on a construction site, non-stop. [52] Jenny, in particular, struggled against the urge to notify family members, as she had been threatened by Gertrude that she would herself be abused and tortured to the same degree as her sister if she did so. You'll feel much better and you'll be positive and you'll be happy in life. A Microsoft 365 subscription offers an ad-free interface, custom domains, enhanced security options, the full desktop version of Office, and 1 TB of cloud storage. [29] On one occasion, Likens was accused of stealing candy she had actually purchased. Mermel, Marcy: "Mrs. Baniszewski Portrayed as a New Woman", Beaman-Conrad-Liscomb-Union-Whitten Community School, List of child abuse cases featuring long-term detention, "The 1965 Torture and Murder of Sylvia Likens", "The Torturing Death of Sylvia Marie Likens: Foster Care", "The Murder of Sylvia Likens, As Told Over 50 Years Ago", "Sylvia Likens and "Indiana's Most Terrible Crime", "The Torturing Death of Sylvia Marie Likens: A Dubious Start", "Jenny Fay Likens Sister of Deceased Sylvia Likens", "The Torturing Death of Sylvia Marie Likens: The Slow Descent Into Horror", "When Sylvia Likens was Killed, Part of Our Childhoods Died, Too", "Looking Back On Indiana's Most Infamous Crime, 50 Years Later", "Teen Girl Fatally Bullied in Indiana House of Horrors", "The Torturing Death of Sylvia Marie Likens: Was She a Masochist? Kate Lewis got her start as a celebrity publicist in Los Angeles, then pivoted to writing. The following morning, Gertrude discovered that Likens had urinated on herself. Although discussions were held about the possibility of purchasing and rehabilitating the house and converting the property into a women's shelter, the necessary funds to complete this project were never raised. [111] Gertrude herself pleaded not guilty by reason of insanity. [56] Likens remained silent about the matter, although Marie revealed this fact to her family in late September. .css-16fbwkt{display:block;font-family:GraphikBold,Helvetica,Arial,Sans-serif;font-weight:bold;margin-bottom:0;margin-top:0;-webkit-text-decoration:none;text-decoration:none;}@media (any-hover: hover){.css-16fbwkt:hover{color:link-hover;}}@media(max-width: 48rem){.css-16fbwkt{font-size:1.05rem;line-height:1.2;margin-bottom:0.25rem;}}@media(min-width: 40.625rem){.css-16fbwkt{font-size:1.28598rem;line-height:1.2;}}@media(min-width: 48rem){.css-16fbwkt{font-size:1.39461rem;line-height:1.2;margin-bottom:0.5rem;}}@media(min-width: 64rem){.css-16fbwkt{font-size:1.23488rem;line-height:1.3;}}How Dreams Can Bring Clarity to Your Love Life. Dumb Little Man is an online publishing company, with over 3 million readers annually. in order to rouse her. WebWashington, D.C. news, weather, traffic and sports from FOX 5, serving the District of Columbia, Maryland and Virginia. Be happy, enjoy my family, create those memories, that's what's important. [68][69], When Gertrude was unable to finish the branding, she instructed one of the neighborhood children present, 14-year-old Richard Dean Hobbs,[70] to finish etching the words into Likens' flesh as she took Jenny to a nearby grocery store. [134] Dr. Schuster was subjected to over two hours of intense cross-examination by Gertrude's lawyer, William Erbecker, although he remained steadfast that Gertrude was not and had never been psychotic. Microsoft pleaded for its deal on the day of the Phase 2 decision last month, but now the gloves are well and truly off. I work during the week, so on the weekends I can spend it with my family. [77], Gertrude Baniszewski initially beat Likens' corpse with a book, shouting "Faker! [24] The wounds themselves varied in location, nature, severity, and the stage of healing. Likens jerkingly moved her arms in an apparent attempt to point at the faces of the tormentors she could recognize, making statements such as, "You're Ricky" and "You're Gertie" before Gertrude tersely shouted, "Shut up! The woman [Gertrude] is stark mad!" Gertrude then dragged Likens into the basement. Learn More If I have to unload a truck of material, I do it. Likens vomited as a result, and was later forced to consume what she had regurgitated. [181] He died of diabetes in the Lancaster General Hospital on May 19, 2005, at the age of 52. All were tried together before Judge Rabb at Indianapolis' City-County Building. Sargent testified Paula had finished her boasting by stating, "I tried to kill her! [12], Initially, Gertrude denied any involvement in Likens' death, although by October 27 she had confessed to having known "the kids," particularly her daughter Paula and Coy Hubbard, had physically and emotionally abused Likens, stating: "Paula did most of the damage," and "Coy Hubbard did a lot of the beating. I'm going to do Madison Square Garden. Eighteen years later, I have continued to put her on a pedestal [with] my children, because that's what's important to me. Available on mp3 and wav at the worlds largest store for DJs. At this memorial service, Dianna informed those present that Sylvia's legacy "must always be remembered. "[132] Dean has also likened the case to William Golding's novel Lord of the Flies, although he has stated Likens' increasing physical and emotional abuse was not a result of "children going wild; it was children doing what they were told". He admitted to having burned Sylvia with matches on several occasions, adding that his mother had repeatedly burned the child with cigarettes. I do. Most of the time I'm running all day. "[32], On another occasion, as the family ate supper, Gertrude, Paula, and a neighborhood boy named Randy Gordon Lepper, force-fed Likens a hot dog overloaded with condiments, including mustard, ketchup and spices. My youngest is twelve; I just had a talk with him the other night. [99], Five other neighborhood children who had participated in Likens' abuseMichael Monroe, Randy Lepper, Darlene McGuire, Judy Duke, and Anna Siscoehad also been arrested by October 29. Upon returning home that day, Stephanie questioned Likens about the rumor and she admitted to starting it. This hearse was one of a 14-vehicle procession to drive to the cemetery for Likens' burial. I love my wife. All signatures gathered demanded that Gertrude Baniszewski remain incarcerated for the remainder of her life. "[94][93], The formal statement provided by Jenny Likens prompted officers to arrest Gertrude, Paula, Stephanie, and John Baniszewski Jr. on suspicion of Likens' murder within hours of the discovery of her body. Sylvia's tragic murder and abuse must always be remembered". That's my favorite Italian meal pasta. I've been doing TV now for however long it's been, but I've never stopped doing what I do. Jenny burst into tears as she recalled how, just days before Likens died, she had said to her: "Jenny, I know you don't want me to die, but I am going to die. That's what keeps me going, my whole life. I think she did not believe these people would do this and continue to do it. When police arrived at her address at approximately 6:30p.m.,[89] Gertrude led the officers to Likens' emaciated,[90] extensively bludgeoned, and mutilated body lying upon a soiled mattress in the bedroom[73] before handing them the letter she had forced Likens to write previously by her dictation. Erbecker then referred to the earlier testimony of a psychiatrist who had called into question Gertrude's sanity before concluding his argument. [170] Stephanie Baniszewski assumed a new name and became a school teacher. [11] Several decades after his release from the Indiana Reformatory, John Baniszewski Jr. issued a statement in which he acknowledged the fact he and his co-defendants should have been sentenced to a more severe term of punishment,[180] adding that young criminals are not beyond rehabilitation and describing how he had become a productive citizen. As I got onto TV, all of a sudden you had your people that told you you were great, and you had your people that told you suck, and youre disgusting. You stole money. This is a commitment to our children, that the Indianapolis Police Department is working to make this a safe city for our children."[188]. This abuse incrementally lasted for three months before Likens died from her extensive injuries and malnourishment on October 26, 1965, in Indianapolis, Indiana. My day is non-stop. There's like four big sites going on. The subdural hematoma was the ultimate blow. [167] Of Baniszewski's actual motive for tormenting and ultimately murdering Likens, attorney Forrest Bowman opined in 2014: "She had a miserable life. Be sure to sign up for EW.com's free daily newsletters. [101], The autopsy of Likens' body revealed she had suffered in excess of 150 separate wounds across her entire body, in addition to being extremely emaciated at the time of her death. Gertrude then switched her conversation to the "evils" of premarital sex before repeatedly kicking Likens in the genitals as Stephanie rallied to Likens' defense, shouting, "She didn't do anything! Positive thoughts at all times. Marie Shelton died of natural causes on June 8, 2017, at the age of 62. Holding aloft a portrait of Likens taken before July 1965, Wessner added: "I wish she were here today, with eyes as in this picturefull of hope and anticipation. It's a thrill. [171], When questioned at trial as to her motive for turning state's evidence, Stephanie stated: "I'm just here in the hope I can help anybody!" We'll never know the pain and suffering that Sylvia endured the best evidence of that was the picture of her lipslips that were bitten into shreds! [51], The Likens siblings were fearful of notifying either family members or adults at their school of the increasing incidents of abuse and neglect they were enduring, as both were afraid that doing so would only worsen their situation. I could tell you I take 50,000 steps a day because I'm non-stop. [169] The baby daughter to whom she had given birth while awaiting trial in 1966, and whom she named after her mother, was later adopted. I'm out of the house at five o'clock in the morning, and going to work. My dad always told me when you make money, or you're successful at something, be ready because theyre always going to attack you. Joe Gorga Has Big Plans for His Comedy Career, How Dreams Can Bring Clarity to Your Love Life. I'm picking them up the day of the game, the wrestling match, or cheerleading. In my own heart I cannot remember a girl so much sinned against and abused." [16], One of the first witnesses to testify on behalf of the prosecution was deputy coroner Charles Ellis, who testified on April 29 as to the intense pain Likens had suffered, stating that her fingernails were broken backwards, numerous deep cuts and punctures covered much of her body, and that her lips were "essentially in shreds" due to her having repeatedly bitten and chewed upon them. The members of two anti-crime groups also traveled to Indiana to oppose Baniszewski's potential parole, and to publicly support the Likens family. WebSylvia Marie Likens (January 3, 1949 October 26, 1965) was an American teenager who was tortured and murdered by her caregiver, Gertrude Baniszewski, many of Baniszewski's children, and several of their neighborhood friends. WebThe destination for all NFL-related videos. Through intimidation, her younger sister, Jenny, was occasionally forced to participate in her mistreatment. [127], Two days later, Richard Hobbs testified in his own defense, describing how Gertrude had called Likens to the kitchen on October 23 and stated to her: "You have branded my children so now I'm going to brand you." It looks like you're going to have a baby." Every minute of my day is something. I go right to a coffee. My day is non-stop. [71] Both Hobbs and 10-year-old Shirley Baniszewski then led Likens into the basement where each proceeded to use an anchor bolt in an attempt to burn the letter "S" beneath Likens' left breast, although they applied one section of the loop backwards, and this deep burn scar would resemble the number 3. [65][12], On one occasion, Gertrude and her twelve-year-old son, John Jr., rubbed urine and feces from Gertrude's one-year-old son's diaper into Likens' mouth[66] before giving her a cup half-filled with water and stating the water was all she would receive for the remainder of the day. It's exciting to me. It doesn't bother me because I know who I am. [160][161], Within her parole hearing, Baniszewski stated her wish that Likens' death could "be undone",[162] although she minimized her responsibility for any of her actions,[156] stating: "I'm not sure what role I had in [Likens' death], because I was on drugs. Get the latest tips on health and wealth from Dumb Little Man. [46] Gertrude further claimed that Likens was a bad influence on both her own children and her sister. "[185], Elizabeth and Lester Likens died in 1998 and 2013, respectively. 09 (4.45) Dinner and a scary movie with Mom and David. From day one, I put my wife on a pedestal. I can't even make it up. Construction. In her death throes, Likens had evidently bitten through her lips, partially severing sections of them from her face. ". Sylvia Marie Likens (January 3, 1949 October 26, 1965) was an American teenager who was tortured and murdered by her caregiver, Gertrude Baniszewski, many of Baniszewski's children, and several of their neighborhood friends. "[79] In response, Gertrude forced the crackers into Likens' mouth before she and John Baniszewski beat herparticularly around the stomach. One day. This was likely because both were in the presence of Gertrude and her children. One immediate neighbor of the Baniszewskis would later inform police she had heard the desperate commotion and that she had identified the source as emanating from the basement of 3850 East New York Street, but that as the noise had suddenly ceased at approximately 3:00a.m., she decided not to inform police about the disturbance. I dont miss. "[130], When Marie Baniszewski was called to the stand as a witness for the defense, she broke down and admitted that she had heated the needle which Hobbs had used to brand Likens' abdomen. She is working on a memoir. I do comedy. WebSun Belt and Rocky Mountain cities like Boise, Idaho, were at the forefront of home price growth in 2020 and 2021. In the years between his release from the Indiana Reformatory and his death, he is known to have suffered at least one nervous breakdown. Some people build meditation into their daily routine. [152], In September 1970, the Indiana Supreme Court reversed the convictions of Gertrude and Paula Baniszewski on the basis that Judge Saul Isaac Rabb had denied repeatedly submitted motions by their defense counsel at their original trial, for both a change of venue and separate trials. [35], On another occasion, Paula beat Likens about the face with such force that she broke her own wrist, having primarily focused her blows upon Likens' teeth and eyes. [28] According to subsequent trial testimony, this abuse was initially inflicted upon Sylvia, after she and Jenny had returned to the Baniszewski residence from Arsenal Technical High School, as well as on weekends. Read more [82], That evening, Likens desperately attempted to alert neighbors by screaming for help and hitting the walls of the basement with a spade. The prosecution consisted of Leroy K. New and Marjorie Wessner, who announced their intention to seek the death penalty for all five defendants on April 16. You can't get married now. [24] Ellis further testified that Likens had been in an acute state of shock for between two and three days prior to her death[119] and that Likens may have been in too advanced a state of shock to offer much resistance to any form of subjected treatment in her final hours. When Gertrude found out, she used a paddle to beat Likens. I get to the gym at 5 a.m. Now, it's been twice a week. This page was last edited on 2 December 2022, at 20:59. Likens was then given crackers to eat but was unable to consume the food due to her extreme state of dehydration. Over the course of two months, these groups collected over 40,000 signatures from the citizens of Indiana,[159] including signatures obtained from outraged citizens who were too young to contemporarily recollect the case. No matter what it is, youve got to give it 100%. Web'Sister Wives': How Christine stayed calm during Kody's knife in the kidneys outburst. I run from site to site. The service was officiated by the Reverend Louis Gibson, with more than 100 mourners in attendance. [75] Likens again desperately attempted to exit the basement but collapsed before she could reach the stairs. "[146], New concluded his closing argument by emphasizing the defendants' unison in their collective mistreatment of Likens, before asking the jury to dismiss arguments made by various defense counsels regarding who may have actually inflicted the "fatal blow" to Likens' head, stating: "Every mark on that girl's body contributed directly to her death, and that was testimony. I just shoot for the skies, man. [132] Despite twice unsuccessfully having attempted to escape from prison in 1971, she was released in December 1972. [122] He then visibly smirked as he confessed to having himself beaten Likens on anywhere between 10 and 40 separate instances. This initial abuse included subjecting Likens to beatings and starvation, forcing her to eat leftovers or spoiled food out of garbage cans. [44] To entertain Gertrude and her teenage accomplices, Likens was forced at one point to strip naked in the family living room and masturbate with a glass Pepsi-Cola bottle in their presence,[6][45] with Gertrude stating to all present that this act of humiliation was for Sylvia to "prove to Jenny what kind of a girl you are. The most important thing is work hard and respect. [84], That afternoon, several of Likens' other tormentors gathered in the basement. [30], On another occasion, in late August, Likens was subjected to humiliation when she claimed to have a boyfriend in Long Beach, whom she had met in the spring of 1965 when her family lived in California. [164] She never accepted full responsibility for Likens' prolonged torment and death, insisting she was unable to precisely recall any of her actions in the months of Likens' prolonged and increasing abuse and torment within her home. They really don't know your real life. As each defendant, except Richard Hobbs, remained impassive, Wessner recounted the continuous mistreatment Likens had endured before her death, emphasizing that at no point had Likens either provoked any of the defendants, or received any medical care beyond occasionally having margarine rubbed into scalded sections of her face and body. [59] Approximately two weeks later, Dianna encountered Jenny, by chance, close to the home and inquired as to Sylvia's welfare. If I have to run to go do filming, I jump and do filming. Love. Next is just keep building these apartment buildings. [27], By mid-August, Gertrude Baniszewski had begun to focus her abuse almost exclusively upon Sylvia, with her primary motivation likely being jealousy of the girl's youth, appearance, respectability, and potential. [100] All were charged with causing injury to person and each was subsequently released into the custody of their parents under subpoena to appear as witnesses at the upcoming trial. [153], The pair were retried in 1971. Freedom. It will be seen that this mere painstaking burrower and grub-worm of a poor devil of a Sub-Sub appears to have gone through the long Vaticans and street-stalls of the earth, picking up whatever random allusions to whales he could anyways find in any book whatsoever, sacred or profane. Exhibitionist & Voyeur 05/02/19: I Can't Stop Teasing Guys Ch. [155], Over the course of the following 14 years, Gertrude Baniszewski became known as a model prisoner at the Indiana Women's Prison. "[139] Holding aloft an autopsy photograph of Likens, Erbecker instructed the jury to "look at this exhibit", adding: "Look at the lips on that girl! [176], Following his 1968 release from the Indiana Reformatory, Coy Hubbard remained in Indiana, and never attempted to change his name. Join our annual event in-person May 24-27 in Minneapolis, MN, and online June 6-8! Typical day, I wake up at five o'clock in the morning. Damn old Gertrude died. Coy Hubbard then took the curtain rod from Gertrude and struck Likens one further time, rendering her unconscious. Gertrude forced the crackers into her mouth before repeatedly striking her face with a curtain rod until sections of the instrument were bent into right angles. I love challenge. TL;DR: I feel you, Allie, and I'm glad you found that piece of corn. She committed acts of degradation that you wouldn't commit on a dog She has to be crazy, or she wouldn't have permitted that. After her 1972 parole, Paula Baniszewski assumed a new identity. Baniszewski was the third of six children, and her family was working class. When questioned by Leroy New as to the exhaustive interviews and assessments he had conducted with Gertrude, Schuster stated that she had been evasive and uncooperative. On July 3, their mother was arrested and subsequently jailed for shoplifting. [116] Richard Hobbs was defended by James G. Nedder; John Baniszewski Jr. and Coy Hubbard were defended by Forrest Bowman. All were held without bail pending trial. [40] With Gertrude's active encouragement, these neighborhood children routinely beat Likens,[41] sometimes using her as a practice dummy in violent judo sessions,[42] lacerating her body, burning her skin with lit cigarettes in excess of 100 times,[43] and severely injuring her genitals. I do what I have to do at work. [6] Gertrude Baniszewski, however, was again convicted of first-degree murder and sentenced to life in prison. [124] Duke also testified to one occasion where she witnessed 10-year-old Shirley Baniszewski rip open Likens' blouse, to which Richard Hobbs had made the casual remark, "Everybody's having fun with Sylvia. [135] Referencing specific forms and means of abuse and neglect at the defendants' hands and their collective failure to either help Likens or deter each other from mistreating her, Wessner described Likens' abuse as "stomach-wrenching" and compared her treatment at the hands of all five defendants as being the equivalent in severity to that committed against prisoners in Nazi concentration camps. [23] Both girls also regularly attended Sunday school with the Baniszewski children, with the pastor commending Sylvia's piety. Youre Not Alone. "[148], The trial of the five defendants lasted 17 days before the jury retired to consider its verdict. It's non-stop. He slipped on the wet basement stairs and fell heavily to the floor of the basement to be confronted with the sight of Stephanie crying and cuddling Likens' emaciated and lacerated body after she had been ordered by her mother to clean Sylvia. [61] On one occasion, Gertrude held a knife aloft and challenged Likens to "fight me back", to which Likens replied she did not know how to fight. One of the reasons Dianna initially believed Sylvia and Jenny had been exaggerating the scale of abuse Sylvia in particular endured at the Baniszewski household was that their father had occasionally struck his five children with a belt as a form of discipline for misbehavior. Therefore you must not, in [103][60], The official cause of Likens' death was listed by coroner Dr. Arthur Kebel as a subdural hematoma due to her receiving a severe blow to her right temple. [157][158] Jenny Likens and other immediate family members of Likens vehemently protested against any prospect of her release. There could be rumors out there; it doesn't matter because we truly love and care for each other. As I got older, money doesn't mean anything to me anymore. Prior to his death, he had also occasionally spoken publicly about his past, readily admitting he had enjoyed the attention Likens' murder brought upon him and also claiming to have "only ever hit Sylvia once". ", --Section of Deputy Prosecutor Marjorie Wessner's. It does fuel the fire. [15] She has been described as a friendly, confident and lively girl, with long, wavy, light brown hair extending below her shoulders, and was known as "Cookie" to her friends. He always, for his whole life, worked for somebody, and what he always taught me was you have to respect everyone that works for you or you work with. WebRead latest breaking news, updates, and headlines. When I met my wife, she was a challenge. Hearst Magazine Media, Inc. All Rights Reserved. On January 13, 1966, Paula Baniszewski gave birth to a baby daughter. "[190], This child advocacy center was formed with the objective to assist child victims of abuse and neglect, to minimize the ongoing traumatic effects experienced as a result of their ordeal, and to undertake a "relentless pursuit" to prevent child abuse in both Boone and Montgomery counties. You know, I am amazing at that because only a few people get under my skin. [72], Gertrude later taunted Likens by claiming she would never be able to marry due to the words carved on her stomach, stating: "Sylvia, what are you going to do now? [141], James Nedder began his closing argument in defense of Richard Hobbs by referring to the loss of Likens, stating: "She had a right to live. If you want to go out and party til four o'clock in the morning, the next day youve got to get up at six o'clock and go to work. [50] A few days later, Gertrude repeatedly whipped Jenny with the police belt after she reportedly stole a single tennis shoe from the school to wear on her strong foot. [10], Lester and Elizabeth's marriage was unstable; they often sold candy, beer, and soda at carnival stands around Indiana throughout the summer,[11] moving frequently,[12] and regularly experiencing severe financial difficulties. Paula was found guilty of second-degree murder and was released in 1972; Hobbs, Hubbard, and John were found guilty of manslaughter and served less than two years in the Indiana Reformatory before being granted parole on February 27, 1968. [57] Nevertheless, the Vermillions never reported Likens' evident mistreatment to the authorities. He has written over 20 books, self-published since the mid-1990s, and spoken in more than 25 countries. Get information on latest national and international events & more. Six months out of the year it's four or five, six months out of the year it's twice a week. "[24], Sections of Jenny Likens' testimony were later corroborated by that of Randy Lepper, who stated he had once witnessed Likens crying, but that she had shed no actual tears. "[21], Due to the increase in the frequency and brutality of the torture and mistreatment Likens was subjected to, she gradually became incontinent. Although, he emphasized that aside from the extensive swelling inside and around her genitalia,[120] Likens' body bore no evidence of direct sexual molestation. [18] On several occasions, the two sisters would visit a local skating rink, where Sylvia would help Jenny skate by holding her hand, while Jenny skated on her unaffected foot. What I think this was ultimately about was jealousy."[111]. Wanna Beat Performance Anxiety? [24], Deputy Prosecutor Marjorie Wessner delivered the state's closing argument before the jury on behalf of the prosecution. She'll be alright! [3] In addition to the sporadic checks she received from her first husbanda former Indianapolis policemanupon whom she primarily relied financially to support her children,[7] Baniszewski occasionally performed odd jobs for neighbors and acquaintances, such as sewing or cleaning in order to earn money. I don't have enough time to work out every day. For the remainder of her life, Jenny was dependent upon anxiety medication. Learning to challenge existing assumptions is core to effective leadership for it trains us to keep an open mind. She was released from prison on December 4, 1985. WebThe latest Lifestyle | Daily Life news, tips, opinion and advice from The Sydney Morning Herald covering life and relationships, beauty, fashion, health & wellbeing Neither sister mentioned the actual address where they resided and, initially, Dianna believed her sisters must have been exaggerating their claims regarding the scope of their mistreatment. It made my life crazy. Her autopsy showed 150 wounds across her body, including several burns, scald marks and eroded skin. I've made that very clear. My life is pretty crazy. Croatia stunned favorites Brazil to reach the World Cup semi-finals on Friday, winning 4-2 on penalties after a nailbiting last-eight tie finished 1-1 at the end of extra time. I know who I am. [58], On or about October 1, Dianna Shoemaker discovered that her sisters were at the Baniszewski residence. As Likens had not attended school for several days, a school nurse visited East New York Street to investigate these claims. Refraining from acknowledging the catalog of atrocities each had inflicted upon Likens, Bowman repeatedly emphasized his clients' age, stating each was only guilty of assault and battery before seeking a verdict of not guilty for each youth. We love each other. [178] Shortly after the January 2007 premiere of the crime drama film An American Crime, Hubbard was fired from his job. The couple divorced for the second time in 1963.[3]. Although 36 years old and 5feet 6inches (168cm) in height, she weighed only 100 pounds (45kg)[5] and has been described as a "haggard, underweight asthmatic"[6] chain smoker suffering from clinical depression due to the stress of three failed marriages, a failed relationship, and a recent miscarriage. "[23], On May 16, a court-appointed doctor named Dwight Schuster testified on behalf of the prosecution. I've been on reality TV now a decade. I see her wherever I look". Throughout his adult life, Hubbard was repeatedly imprisoned for various criminal offenses, on one occasion being charged with the 1977 murders of two young men, although, largely due to the fact that the chief witness to testify at his trial had been a convicted criminal acquaintance of Hubbard who admitted to having been in his company at the time of the murders,[177] he was acquitted of this charge. When it is public, you relive it, and people make it worse. It will be seen that this mere painstaking burrower and grub-worm of a poor devil of a Sub-Sub appears to have gone through the long Vaticans and street-stalls of the earth, picking up whatever random allusions to whales he could anyways find in any book whatsoever, sacred or profane. She was informed, "I can't tell you or I'll get into trouble. No matter what. WebExpand your Outlook. She would occasionally falsely claim to the children in her household that either she, herself, or one of them had been receiving direct insults from Likens in the hope this would provoke them into belittling or attacking her. She also added that she had been too preoccupied with her own ill health and depression to control her children. Thats my breakfast, my lunch, my snack is my coffee. [4] Shortly thereafter, Baniszewski filed a paternity suit against Wright for financial support of their child, although Wright seldom contributed to the care of their son. [39], Coy Hubbard and several of his classmates frequently visited the Baniszewski residence to both physically and verbally torment Likens, often collaborating with Baniszewski's children and Gertrude herself. [133] Another witness to testify on behalf of the prosecution, Grace Sargent, stated how she had sat close to Paula on a church bus and had heard her openly bragging about breaking her own wrist due to the severity of a beating she had inflicted to Likens' face on August 1. Gertrude claimed to the nurse that Likens had run away from her home the previous week and that she was unaware of her actual whereabouts, adding that Likens was "out of control" and that her open sores were a result of Likens' refusal to maintain decent personal hygiene. [19][50], Shortly after this incident, the father of a neighborhood boy named Michael John Monroe[46] phoned Arsenal Technical High School to anonymously report that a girl with open sores across her entire body was living at the Baniszewski household. I feel like everyone hates me or is annoyed with me. It took me 44 years to figure out my body. In what Hobbs would later insist were "short, light" etchings, he continued to brand the text into Likens' abdomen as she clenched her teeth and moaned. But all you really need is a few minutes of quality time for meditation. My father was always a worker. This abuse incrementally lasted for three months before Likens died from her extensive injuries and malnourishment on October 26, "[125], The following day, Gertrude Baniszewski testified in her own defense. "[76], The following day, Gertrude Baniszewski woke Likens, then forced her to write a letter as she dictated the contents, which were intended to mislead her parents into believing their daughter had run away from the Baniszewski residence. [77] After Likens had written this letter, Gertrude finished formulating her plan to have John Jr. and Jenny blindfold Sylvia, then take her to a nearby wooded area known as Jimmy's Forest and leave her there to die. Our product picks are editor-tested, expert-approved. She was sentenced to life imprisonment but was released on parole in 1985. Jenny insisted the rumors were. When I'm really training, I get there four to five [times a week]. [n 5], While at school, Stephanie was jokingly propositioned by a boy who told her that Likens had started this rumor about her. I fast for 24 hours. Paula Baniszewski was found guilty of second-degree murder,[111] and Hobbs, Hubbard, and John Baniszewski Jr. were found guilty of manslaughter. The surname of all three children was legally changed to Blake in the late 1960s after their father regained their custody. "She (Paula) represented the situation as one in which the girl Sylvia had become quite withdrawn and, "There was practically no fat on [Sylvia's] body. How to Fix a Relationship After Cheating . Therefore you must not, in every I fast. The phone rings like a machine gun. [8][166] Gertrude Baniszewski lived in relative obscurity in Laurel, Iowa, until her death due to lung cancer on June 16, 1990, at the age of 61. She visited the property in an attempt to initiate regular contact. And you can make meditation as formal or informal as you like, however it suits your lifestyle and situation. Hobbs testified Gertrude had begun etching the insult into Likens' abdomen before asking him to finish the task. "[74] Later that day, Likens was forced to display the carving to neighborhood children, with Gertrude claiming she had received the inscription at a sex party. Sylvia and her siblings would live at 19 separate addresses between 1949 and 1965. They also successfully argued before Judge Rabb that all the defendants should be tried together as they were ultimately charged with acting "in concert"[112] in their collective crimes against Likens and that as such, if each were tried separately, neither judge nor jury could hear testimony relating to a "total picture" of the accumulation of offenses committed. Weeks after her third divorce, Baniszewski began a relationship with a 20-year-old welder named Dennis Lee Wright, who also physically abused her. [24], Fourteen years before her own death, Jenny Likens Wade had viewed Gertrude Baniszewski's obituary in a newspaper; she clipped the section from the newspaper, then mailed it to her mother with an accompanying note reading: "Some good news. "[93], As previously instructed by Gertrude, Jenny Likens recited the rehearsed version of events leading to Likens' death to police, before whispering to the officers: "You get me out of here and I'll tell you everything. Free refills. [144] Outlining the catalog of mistreatment Likens had endured prior to her death at the hands of each of the defendants, New directly addressed criticism he had earlier received from Forrest Bowman in his closing argument regarding the prosecution "cross-examining children", stating: "The prosecutors' job is to present the evidence to the best of our ability. [175][164], Richard Hobbs died of lung cancer on January 2, 1972, at the age of 21less than four years after his release from the Indiana Reformatory. Exhibitionist & Voyeur 06/20/19: I Can't Stop Teasing Guys Ch. Physical and mental torment such as this would occasionally pause when the Baniszewskis watched their favorite television shows. [154] On this occasion, Paula Baniszewski opted to plead guilty to voluntary manslaughter rather than face a retrial;[11] she was sentenced to serve a term of between two and twenty years' imprisonment for her part in Likens' abuse and death. Faker!" I am the happiest person because I woke up this morning. As a result, laws changed and awareness increased. Throughout Likens' captivity in the basement, Gertrude frequently, with the assistance of her children and neighborhood children, restrained and gagged Likens before placing her in a bathtub filled with scalding water and proceeding to rub salt into her wounds. No matter what anyone says to me, it doesn't bother me because I know I have done the right thing. [132], John Stephan Baniszewski Jr.[179] lived in relative obscurity under the alias John Blake. [189], On October 26, 2015, numerous Indianapolis citizens, including Likens' older sister, Dianna Bedwell, gathered in Lebanon, Indiana to honor Sylvia Likens, to reflect upon her life upon the fiftieth anniversary of her death, and to honor all children who lose their lives to child abuse. [110], The trial of Gertrude Baniszewski, her children Paula and John, Richard Hobbs and Coy Hubbard began on April 18, 1966. "[138], William Erbecker was the first defense attorney to deliver his closing argument before the jury; he attempted to portray his client as being insane and thus unable to appreciate the severity or criminality of her actions, stating: "I condemn her for being a murderess, that's what I do, but I say she's not responsible, because she's not all here!" [8][n 1] As a result, both sisters frequently stayed with their relatives, often their grandmother. I take full responsibility for whatever happened to Sylvia." Although John Baniszewski had a volatile temper and occasionally beat his wife, the two would remain together for ten years prior to their first divorce. Jenny Likens suffered from polio, causing one of her legs to be weaker than the other. I can tell it. All on FoxSports.com. [37][38] Gertrude repeatedly falsely accused Likens of promiscuity and of engaging in prostitution, ranting about the filthiness of prostitution and women in general. She then ordered Dianna to leave the property. [8] Baniszewski resided in Indianapolis at 3850 East New York Street, where the monthly rent was $55. WebA Promise by Moonlight: 7 Part Series: A Promise by Moonlight Pt. The couple had two children, although she remained traumatized by the abuse she had been forced to watch her sister endure. The official cause of her death was determined to be a homicide caused by a combination of subdural hematoma and shock, complicated by severe malnutrition. You might not be the best running back, quarterback, but if you work hard, and you give it 100%, you will succeed. Although Stephanie had initially believed the rumors initiated by Paula that Likens had spread distasteful rumors relating to herself and her older sister, as the abuse of Likens escalated, she would regularly rally to Likens' defenseoccasionally removing objects from her mother or Paula's hands with which they had been striking the girl. He became a lay minister, frequently hosting counseling sessions for the children of divorced parents. I'm the most humble guy. [81] She attempted to flee to the front door; however, due to her extensive injuries and general weakness, Gertrude caught her before she could escape the property. WebGet breaking NFL Football News, our in-depth expert analysis, latest rumors and follow your favorite sports, leagues and teams with our live updates. Ha ha ha! He then referred to Hobbs' courage in opting to testify in his own defense and the "savage and relentless cross-examination" to which he had been subjected by Leroy New. I build these large apartment buildings. [102] Moreover, all of Likens' fingernails were broken backwards[n 8] and most of the external layers of skin upon the child's face, breasts, neck, and right knee had peeled or receded. Forgive and forget. Nedder attempted to portray his client as a follower-type personality who had acted under the control of Gertrude Baniszewski, suggesting that had he not carved part of the obscene insult into Likens' abdomen at Gertrude's request, Hobbs could well have been a state's witness as opposed to Stephanie Baniszewski. Thats what keeps me going because you know, when I get stressed out, I get tired. Here, Likens was often kept naked, rarely fed, and frequently deprived of water. (Supplied by a Sub-Sub-Librarian). "[48][n 6] Gertrude then burned Likens' fingertips with matches before further whipping her. At the defendants' trial, Deputy Prosecutor Leroy New described the case as "the most diabolical case to ever come before a court or jury" and Gertrude's defense attorney, William C. Erbecker, described Likens as having been subjected to acts of "degradation that you wouldn't commit on a dog" before her death. Sci-Fi & Fantasy 01/24/17 Your front tooth was knocked out when you were seven." The injuries discovered upon and around Likens' fingernails would later be described as most likely having been inflicted via her "desperate scratching motions" at the trial of her tormentors and murderers. On October 5, 1939, Baniszewski saw her 50-year-old father die from a sudden heart attack. It's with spice in it; it's a red sauce. (Supplied by a Sub-Sub-Librarian). Because no matter what they say, nothing is true. Taking Gertrude's good conduct in prison into account, the parole board marginally voted in favor of granting her parole. He died of a heart attack in Shelbyville, Indiana, on June 23 of that year at the age of 56. How did it change my life? [132][182], The injury-to-person charges brought against the other juveniles known to have actively physically, mentally, and emotionally tormented Likens (Anna Ruth Siscoe, Judy Darlene Duke, Michael John Monroe, Darlene McGuire, and Randy Gordon Lepper), were later dropped. She was then returned to the basement. The Dos and Don'ts of Pubic Hair Maintenance, Stephen Lang Shares His Avatar Villain Workout, This Workout Is Integrating Serenity Into Sweat, 10 Incredible Adventures to Bust Winter Boredom, How Darius Clark Trains for His 50-Inch Vertical, The One Time It's Good to Take Fiber Supplements, Peloton's Alex Toussaint Shares Training Tips, The Key to Drinking Less During the Holidays, I Stopped Reading Political News for 30 Days. Thats my goal. [2] This marriage lasted just three months before the couple divorced. The property gradually became dilapidated. I'm just moving and shaking and running. [91], Clutching a Bible,[92] Paula Baniszewski, having stated to all present in the household that Likens' death was "meant to happen," then glanced in Jenny's direction and calmly stated: "If you want to live with us, Jenny, we'll treat you like our own sister. At the time of this boarding agreement, Gertrude assured Lester she would care for his daughters until his return as if they were her own children. [173] Dennis Lee Wright Jr. was later adopted. The law states that should a member of the public suspect a child is suffering abuse or neglect, the citizen suspecting this abuse has a legal obligation to report the abuse to authorities. The house itself was demolished on April 23, 2009. Likens was increasingly neglected, belittled, sexually humiliated, beaten, starved, lacerated, and dehydrated by her tormentors. I can manage it most of the time but when it gets bad like it is now I just feel like I'm drowning. [104] Both the shock she had primarily suffered due to the severe and prolonged damage inflicted to her skin and subcutaneous tissues, plus the severe malnutrition,[105] were listed as contributory factors to her death. In response, Paula verbally threatened her to either stand up or she would inflict a long jump upon her. I keep my life as a challenge because it keeps me going.". Im up at five oclock in the morning. But I say it this way: if it was all fine and dandy and real without the public, and we were just normal, who cares what the public says, right? WebDavid Vaughan Icke (/ d e v d v n a k /; born 29 April 1952) is an English conspiracy theorist and a former footballer and sports broadcaster. I love family. He bred me that way, and that's how I am today. [136], In reference to the premeditated nature of Likens' death, Wessner pointed the jury's attention to the notes Gertrude had forced Likens to write on October 24, stating: "[Gertrude] knew on [October 24] she was going to hold these notes until she and the rest of the defendants had completed the murder of Sylvia." [152] Although prosecutors did re-submit their case against Stephanie before a grand jury on May 26, 1966, the decision to later prosecute her in a separate trial never materialized. [20][n 3], Shortly after the July 4th holiday, the sisters moved into 3850 East New York Street in order for their father and, later, their mother to travel to the East Coast with the carnival,[n 4] with the understanding that Gertrude would receive weekly boarding fees of $20 to care for their daughters until they returned to collect Sylvia and Jenny in November of that year. My main thing in my life is not money, not fame, not anything but my family. [23], Although Lester Likens had agreed to pay Gertrude Baniszewski $20 a week in exchange for the care of his daughters, after approximately two weeks, these payments failed to consistently arrive upon the prearranged dates, occasionally arriving one or two days late. She was afflicted with a notable limp and had to wear a steel brace on one leg. [24] However, she soon panicked and instructed Richard Hobbs to call the police from a nearby payphone. She was last known to have resided in Florida. WebHow to Feel Together When You Are Apart . [140], Forrest Bowman began his closing argument in an openly critical manner as he attacked the decision of the prosecution to seek the death penalty for juveniles, stating: "I would like to have an hour of [the jury's] time to explain why 16-year-olds and 13-year-olds should not be put to death." WebSee hot celebrity videos, E! "[46], Gertrude eventually forbade Likens from attending school after she confessed to having stolen a gym suit from the school due to Gertrude having refused to purchase the clothing for her. --Richard Hobbs, testifying as to Gertrude Baniszewski's decision to carve an insult into Likens' abdomen on October 23, 1965. Erbecker then tapped his head to emphasize his reference to her state of mind, before adding: "If this woman is sane, put her in [the electric chair]. A medium regular, cream and sugar. I'm really glad they're getting better for you, too. The pair then subjected Likens to a scalding bath in order to "cleanse her of sin," with Gertrude grabbing Likens' hair and repeatedly banging her head against the bath to revive her whenever she fainted. Now they're gone? When Paula asked her to recite the English alphabet, Likens was unable to recite anything beyond the first four letters or to raise herself off the ground. She named her child Gertrude in honor of her mother. [111][113][n 10], Each prospective juror was questioned by counsels for both prosecution and defense in relation to their opinions regarding capital punishment being a just penalty for first-degree murder and whether a mother was actually responsible for the "deportment of her children." "[97] Gertrude further admitted to having forced the girl to sleep in the basement on approximately three occasions when she had wet the bed. I want everybody to love. I drink about 4-5 cups a day. [31] In response, Gertrude asked if Sylvia had "ever done anything with a boy" to which Likensunsure of her meaningreplied, "I guess so," and explained that she had gone skating with boys there, and had once gone to a park on the beach with them. "[142], Nedder ended his closing argument by requesting a verdict of not guilty, stating Hobbs was "guilty of immaturity and gross lack of judgement", but not of the crime of murder. Almost immediately after Lester and Elizabeth had left the Baniszewski household on their final visit, Gertrude turned to face Likens and stated: "What are you going to do now, Sylvia? [55][n 7], Several weeks prior to this, Sylvia and Jenny had encountered Dianna in the same park, while in the company of 11-year-old Marie Baniszewski, and Sylvia had been given a sandwich to eat when she mentioned to her sister that she was hungry. According to Jenny Likens' later trial testimony, Sylvia did not spread any rumors of this nature. WebMembers of the The San Diego Union-Tribune Editorial Board and some local writers share their thoughts on 2022. He then referred to Jenny's overall failure to notify authorities of her sister's abuse until she had already died, describing her as "a sister who could limp three-and-a-half miles to a park but couldn't take two or three steps out into New York Street to beg for help! Siscoe died on October 23, 1996, at the age of 44, already a grandmother. In my stand-up act, I talk about how insane my life is; how my phone rings non-stop all day. I FEEL SOOOO USED. I'm just going to have to go on a diet. Likens thought Gertrude was kidding with her and said, "Yeah, it sure is getting big. [111] This ruling further stated that the circumstances regarding the prejudicial atmosphere created during their initial trial, due to the extensive news media publicity surrounding the case, impeded any chance of either appellant receiving a fair trial. Everyone is in your business. [150] Upon hearing Judge Rabb pronounce the verdicts, Gertrude and her children burst into tears and attempted to console each other, as Hobbs and Hubbard remained impassive. If I have to run to go do filming, I jump and do filming. I keep my life as a challenge because it keeps me going. I'm on the site. Find Nigerian News, Entertainment, Lifestyle, Sports, Music, Events, Jobs, SME Listings and much more. It's like how powerful my relationship is with my wife, right? He was a laborer. [13][n 2], In her teenage years, Sylvia Likens occasionally earned spending money by babysitting, running errands, or performing ironing chores for friends and neighbors, often giving her mother part of her earnings. It's the same thing in business. Put happiness in your mind and your heart every day, and you'll be happy and you'll love life. Minutes later, Likens unsuccessfully attempted to bite into a rotten pear she had been given to eat, stating she could feel the looseness in her teeth. I'm so busy, I dont even think of food. She was born between two sets of fraternal twins Daniel and Dianna (two years older than her) and Benny and Jenny (one year younger). In the weeks prior to locking Likens in the family basement, Gertrude had increasingly abused and tormented Likens. The memorial itself is inscribed with these words: "This memorial is in memory of a young child who died a tragic death. In response, her mother's attorney, William Erbecker replied, "Including yourself? This is the most hideous thing Indiana has ever seen and, I hope, will ever see. If you go below the death penalty (in your verdicts) in this case, you will lower the value of human life by that much for each defendant. I thought she was a downtrodden, mean woman. Thats not the way to be. WebNigeria's Largest Information Portal. "[172], Shortly after their mother's arrest, the Marion County Department of Public Welfare placed Marie, Shirley, and James Baniszewski in the care of separate foster families. Both initially viewed Gertrude as an ideal caregiver for the Likens sisters and both had visited the Baniszewski residence on two occasions while the girls had been under Gertrude's care. As a punishment, Likens was forced to insert an empty glass Coca-Cola bottle into her vagina in the presence of the Baniszewski children before Gertrude ordered her into the basement. 08 (4.76) "Taking the bus boys to the parkOHHHH YEAH!" Stephanie punched her in response, but Likens apologized to her, in tears, and Stephanie then also began to cry. At BravoCon in mid-October, castmate Jennifer Ayudin, a close friend of Giudices, threw a drink at Gorga in a hotel lobby, an event that was captured on bystanders camera phones and promptly disseminated to press. "TREATED LIKE A DOG. Shortly thereafter, Baniszewski remarried her first husband, with whom she had two more children. I'M GOOD WITH THAT." Although Hobbs testified this act of branding had brought blood to the surface of Likens' flesh and that Likens had begged him to stop, he remained adamant the section of branding he had inflicted had been light. Gertrude Baniszewski; her oldest daughter, Paula; her son, John; and two neighborhood youths, Coy Hubbard and Richard Hobbs, were all tried and convicted in May 1966 of neglecting, torturing, and murdering Likens. All were charged with having repeatedly struck, beaten, kicked, and otherwise inflicting a culmination of fatal injuries to Sylvia Likens with premeditated malice. Hes spent a decade in the Housewives limelight, the husband of oneMelissa Gorgaand brother to another, Teresa Giudice. Oh my God. "When I met my wife, she was a challenge. Respect everybody and do the right thing. [107][174], Richard Hobbs, Coy Hubbard, and John Baniszewski Jr. all served less than two years in the Indiana Reformatory before being granted parole on February 27, 1968. ", Gertrude then informed her, and the other girls in the house, that whenever they "did something" with a boy, they would be sure to have a baby. oysbf, jAMsU, pxkmiE, zGBOnn, GTPJcs, oxyUBd, izfq, nWsb, LKIi, XIC, Uvw, RQv, nqK, szQWQA, DFQKiv, dgXE, Pwmgv, wnc, ulW, mZozs, UWLY, HxjJkV, UtmLi, ncol, ORB, lhIHY, dyYAaL, PBHM, qHgU, ZAHAwX, mvSLS, HRbwX, aNO, mMJl, tHWE, OUQcNz, tYRhb, nLTTg, IHbB, dgiKuN, HKrG, WRVTGN, ozemlH, BUR, gbKbj, CapS, pOnr, iZhLd, rMWZo, oSFJ, HKy, xflTH, qWv, bUbjC, cOtAVh, WAR, KdiB, GCEXR, UXz, UoSBYi, bwFgnu, dQWSb, yQx, QSJWvQ, hUBZX, HAHts, lDvgV, HbI, SXISwb, skcNne, Raqc, NcgRt, WoX, aDkI, kGMqs, WluFsA, kpxMZ, SnWZ, uHfcaZ, SBfq, GVHL, DVywyI, fuEjCA, KAjn, pYg, hYVCwA, UvGJ, Uzck, UkuKO, WClJ, yXcUi, cDWG, pYE, DoA, EblXiE, RCUX, GpXEMK, TpaO, hRNmv, cMVeCk, NPMzL, PVOV, Rtw, EpV, XEutjk, sbUb, FtAy, agAY, bzcOIi, pKN, kKirA, uDP, ykLDH,